Wordsworth Practices What He Preaches Essays - British Poetry

Wordsworth Practices What He Preaches Elizabeth Braker Mr. Caudron A. P. English-Hr. 1 22 November 1999 Tintern Abbey Wordsworth Practices What He Preaches Though written after ?Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey,? Wordsworth's ?Preface to Lyrical Ballads,? clearly details his writing objectives. In ?Tintern Abbey,? William Wordsworth sought to make poetry understandable to the common reader by simplifying the meanings, organizing his pattern of thoughts in a coherent manner, and using poetical devices sparingly. In the poem, Wordsworth reminisces under a dark sycamore about his experiences and realities, while looking down on the ruins of a temple of God. He expresses his philosophy on these experiences and realities, both past and present, relating God and Nature as one entity. He senses God around him though there is no temple or worshipers, perhaps suggesting that if there were, God would cease to grace the area with His presence. Wordsworth goes on to describe the scenery, how its beauty will serve as ?food for future years,? and how only with the insight of his sister, has he developed a great appreciation for Nature. Wordsworth goes on to state in his ?Preface? that every poem ?should have a worthy purpose.? In ?Tintern Abbey,? Wordsworth has a variety of purposes, or meanings which he desires to convey, each one of them, worthy in and of themselves. He wants to raise the reader to a new sense of awareness; to let the reader know what Nature is, its affect on us, and that we should live in the moment, with an acute awareness to what is happening around us. He describes God in Nature as ?A motion and a spirit, that impels/All thinking things, all objects of all thought,/And rolls through all things.? Wordsworth expresses Nature's affect on him as a ?wild secluded scene |that impresses|/Thoughts of more deep seclusion?; these are the feelings of peaceful ecstasy he feels. ?The sounding cataract/Haunted me like a passion...were then to me/An appetite--That time is past?; here he reminds us to hang onto an infantile awareness that brings joy as he describes his own experience. Though he has expressed a variety of purposes, Wordsworth manages to keep them simplified by the division of the stanzas. In his ?Preface,? he states the importance of ?|following| the fluxes and refluxes of the mind when agitated by the great and simple affections of our nature.? ?Tintern Abbey,? is divided into five stanzas: the first stanza describes the scenery; in the second, Wordsworth says how while meditating about the scenery ?'mid the din/Of towns and cities,? he has ?|seen| into the life of things?; the third stanza is an extension of the second, reemphasizing how his recollection of Nature has comforted him; the fourth stanza, Wordsworth reverts to his memory being revived by the present sight; in the fifth stanza, Wordsworth thanks his sister for the insight she has helped him discern. The coherent arrangement of the stanzas help give purpose because they illustrate Wordsworth's recollections being interrupted by his philosophical tendencies. These tendencies, which he y ields to, are an example of an acute awareness of the surroundings, which make him think deeply. Few blatant devices are used in the poem in Wordsworth's effort to simplify and make his language; the ?language really used by men.? Wordsworth also states in his ?Preface,? that he wants to convey ?feelings and notions in simple and unliberated expressions.? This is evident in ?Tintern Abbey? because the progression of the stanzas reflects a subject-verb-pronoun form. In addition, to keep things simplified, Wordsworth uses devices like alliteration sparingly, and writes in blank verse. Writing in blank verse gives him the liberty of using the best fitting words to give meaning and helping the reader better comprehend. Though Wordsworth uses ?elaborated expressions,? it is purely for the purpose of getting a point across; when he says that the beauteous forms of Nature ?have not been to me/As a landscape to a blind man's eye,? he says this in an attempt to get the reader to think about his inner-most thought, feeling, and symbolism. Here, he hopes the reader will reach the conclusio n that the ?blind man's eye? symbolizes the blind man's spirit, and that Wordsworth's memory isn't a product of his faith, and that faith is not

There Will Come Soft Rains essays

There Will Come Soft Rains essays There Will Come Soft Rains is about a house. The house is fully automated. Everything from the garage door to cleaning mice is automated. As the day goes on, the house recognizes to time and starts tasks at certain times. The house can recognize the dog's bark and let it come inside. It also has a weather box, which determines the outside weather and plays a song or poem. The house may be automatic but there are no people around to live in it. The house asks for input but after a long period of silence the house picks out of a random list. Even though there is no one living in the house, the house still cooks all the meals, which are thrown away and the plates washed. The story takes place in Allendale, California in 2026. The house is the only one left. All of the others were destroyed in the nuclear explosion. This also killed all the people. Some people's shadows were burned into the side of the house. So even though the people are gone, the house still carries on. The setting is the most important aspect of the story. Since there are no people, the house is the main character. The theme of this story is that even thought nature is still there, and the technology is still there, there are no people. The technology survived even thought the people had all died off. Neither nature nor technology is affected by the lack of humans. The dog had remained living but finally died in the house, the mice cleaned up the body and moved on. Technology is developed by humans who posses emotions. These emotions are what separate humans from other animals. These emotions can't be removed from the technology that the humans build and develop. Ray Bradbury tries to convey the idea that technology is not the answer and that the emotions in them can't be destroyed. At the end of the story, where the house is destroyed by fire caused by a fallen tree, the house is demolished and there is total destruction of the technology. The only part o...

In Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, what does the episode of the Dissertation

In Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, what does the episode of the Sorting Hat reveal about Harry What does it say - Dissertation Example Harry has been given a choice, as the hat is unsure which house he should set Harry into when it is his turn to be sorted. Afraid of his own nature, Harry is clear that he wants to be in Gryffindor, but throughout the series he is plagued by the indecision that the hat initially had when sorting him into a house. The main theme of the Harry Potter series is that of death, but one of the sub themes is that of fate. Fate was written about Harry from before he was born. A foretelling is revealed in the seventh book. From that prophesy, it is revealed that neither Harry nor Voldemort can exist when the other does, thus one must destroy the other. In trying to thwart this prophesy before Harry grows up, Voldemort writes both of their fates by trying to kill Harry. It is through love that Harry is saved, however, when his mother intervenes. In the end, it is the lack of love that Voldemort has that is his weakness. Harry, on the other hand, though struggling with his intimate connection wi th Voldemort must overcome those darker impulses, is supported by the love of his friends and proves stronger. As Voldemort has tried to subvert his fate, it is in his action that he has created the situation that will prove to be his downfall. Essentially, he creates his own demise by acting in fear of the nature of a fated connection between himself and an infant. He bonds them with a destiny that neither will be able to avoid. It is through this bond that Harry is split into two equally strong lines of traits and skills, although he tends to favor his own sense of purity and heroism over the darker aspects of his nature, thus giving them a stronger hold within him. The house of Gryffindor is exemplified by the traits that are most often associated with heroic figures. Those in Slytherin are more ambitious, less sentimental and more prone to the dark arts. Harry shows throughout the series that he has ambitions and pragmatism, a sense of separating that which is sentimental with t hat which is necessary. The Sorting Hat states â€Å"Hmm, difficult. VERY difficult. Plenty of courage, I see. Not a bad mind, either. There's talent, oh yes. And a thirst to prove yourself. But where to put you?† (Rowling 25) He also has an affinity for the magicks that are more associated with darkness and combat. However, although he has these traits, his heroic traits truly define him. He has to make the hard decisions, sometimes clouded by his youth, sometimes by his angers about the death of his parents, but most often with the morals and ethics of heroism, in combination with the sentiment that he feels for his friends. He is not hampered, but tempered by that sense of sentiment. Harry does what is right, even to his own detriment sometimes. The moment of indecision that the Sorting Hat has when selecting the house for Harry reveals an important element about Harry’s nature. Harry, despite his desire to be complete to his own nature is still affected by the part s of his self that are defined by those aspects of Voldemort. In the sixth book, Harry must wrestle with those aspects of anger and darkness that seem to be invading his life. While those aspects play very well as a metaphor for the various ways in which emotions are not within the control of a teenager, they also provide context for the darkness that

Film Project Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Film Project - Movie Review Example The movie shows the viewers the behind the scenes of a primary campaign. How even though a candidate may belong to a political party, that does not mean that the party will give him the money to run his campaign. It delves into the importance of fund raisers and how without it, a primary presidential campaign will cease to exist. More importantly, the movie shows how the evolution of the news media has changed the road to the White House as most candidates knew it to be. The media as used in the movie is portrayed as both the devil and the angel that politicians need to contend with. If run by the right kind of people, the media can become the tool towards a landslide election. Used improperly, the media can tank a campaign even before it starts. It also shines light on the little known aspect of the campaign, blackmail, and Jack Stanton, along with his team of media professionals, know exactly how to work the media in the name of a successful blackmail undertaking. However, it also shows that not all media professionals and image makers are cold blooded liars and not all of them can be bought or blackmailed. Analysis At the beginning of the film, we see Henry Burton, a political campaign specialist who is being drafted to join the presidential campaign of Gov. Jack Stanton. He resists all efforts to join the campaign at the start but is later on won over by the smoothness of the presidential aspirant. He first comes to the campaign headquarters and sees an inefficient machine that could be compared to a rudderless ship. Under his guidance though, he manages to whip them into shape and actually begin to mount a decent primary campaign. As I watched this portion of the film, I could not help but be reminded of our class lectures in â€Å"The Functions and Organizations of the American Party System†. This portion of the film specifically concentrated on the role of the political party and its machinery in the creation of the perfect candidate. The film act ually presents enough evidence to support its claims that money is always a problem in any campaign because, as we all know, fund raisers are the life line of any campaign and the wife of the candidate is usually tasked with gaining financial support for her politician husband. This is clearly presented at the beginning of the film when Gov. Stanton has to calm down his irate wife after he misses a very important fund raiser that was being hosted in his honor. Later on, we are introduced to the character of Libby Holden, image maker bar none. She is embodiment of everything we learned in â€Å"Interest Group Structure and Functions†. The minute she arrived at the campaign headquarters, she overturns the apple cart and connected the campaign activities and interests with various interest groups without whom interest and support of these groups for the candidate will not exist. We also see a glimpse of how these special interest groups can affect a campaign of a candidate ident ified with them. The latter part of the film presents heavy evidence of the way that the news media has spiraled out of control and is instead more interested in selling scandals about candidates rather than finding out the truth behind the story and presenting those facts instead. I believe that this part of the film falls under

Australian electronic tablet industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Australian electronic tablet industry - Essay Example Apart from assessing the demands and wants of consumer the report will analyze the porter’s five forces with respect to the electronic computer industry within the Australian market. The report will also highlight on the cultural differences between the two countries based on Hofstede’s cultural dimension model. The key finding of the report is the existence of huge demand for tablet pc in Australia and some forecasting agencies have predicted that the sales figure will be skyrocketing in the years to come. Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 Threat of new Entrants 5 Economies of Scale 5 Brand Loyalty 5 Capital Requirement 6 Analysis 6 Threat of substitutes products 6 Switching Cost 6 Buyer Loyalty 7 Analysis 7 Bargaining power of buyers 7 Number of customers in the market 8 Availability of Substitutes 8 Analysis 9 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 9 Degree of supplier concentration 9 Availability of substitute inputs 9 Analysis 10 Existing Rivalry 10 Industry growth rate 10 Demand for product 10 Analysis 11 Recommendations 11 Hofstede’s cultural dimension 13 Cultural dimensions of Australia and Germany 13 Difference between two cultures 14 Recommendation 14 Conclusion 14 Reference 16 Threat of new Entrants New entrants are described as the companies that are presently not competing within the given industry but has the potential to compete in the industry if chooses to do so. Economies of Scale Economies of scale are about the decrease of unit cost of production when the company starts to manufacture more. Some of the sources include a) cost reduction through mass production. b) Discount availed through bulk purchase. c) Spreading fixed cost of production over volume of production. d) Same advertisement cost of large volume of production.1 Therefore Supernova limited can go for large scale production in order to grasp the cost advantage but before taking the decision they can go for a pilot test or test marketing. Brand Loyalty Brand loyalty is exhibited by consumers when they are more inclined towards the products of the established players of the industry.2Companies can create brand loyalty by using strong advertisements, superior product quality and providing after sales service. In a recent study, it has been observed that Australians do not pays extra for the sake of brand names; rather they move towards cheaper brands which offer good value for the products. Therefore, Supernova limited has to retain the loyalty by maintaining a fixed level of price and also satisfying the customer needs. 1. Gareth Jones and Charles Hill, Strategic Management Theory: An Integrated Approach (US: Cengage Learning, 2009), 44. 2. William M. Pride and O.C. Ferrell, Marketing (US: Cengage Learning, 2011), 400. Capital Requirement Capital requirement is the amount needed for the cost of production and considering the fact that the firm is a new entrant in the market, the total cost will also include the whole set up of the company to st art its operation. The entire set up will include manufacturing in the factory, raw materials, labor charges and all other variable cost. Since the company does not have any restrictions in the financial segment they can undertake all the required operations. Analysis Since the company

Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontë | Analysis

Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontà « | Analysis Emily Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s novel of passion and cruelty, published in 1847, was the only novel she ever wrote and one of which many, including her sister Charlotte, disapproved, regarding it as fundamentally immoral, especially in the creation of the central character, the brutal Heathcliff. However, viewed at a distance of some 150 years, the novel can be seen for what it truly is, a work of flawed genius which continues to attract strongly despite its age. Emily set what was to be her sole novel in and around her beloved moors creating, in Cathy, a character as wilful as herself. However the reader acquainted but not familiar with the narrative, is often surprised by how little actual description of the natural environment is extant within its pages though ‘metaphors drawn from nature provide much of the books descriptive language’. Simply expressed, it is the author’s own vicarious resonance with the land, expressed via her frequent use of what Ruskin termed ‘pathetic fallacy’ that gives the intensity of the connective between the central protagonists and the land in which they are imbedded, even beyond life itself. The plot concerns the family of the Earnshaws, owners of the eponymous ‘Wuthering Heights’, where the surly urchin, Heathcliff, is brought by the father of the household who has found him abandoned in Liverpool, and who describes him ‘as dark almost as if it came from the devil’ for ‘when Mr. Earnshaw first brings the child home, the child is an â€Å"it† not a â€Å"he†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢.   From the first, he is Cathy, the daughter’s favourite, as he is her father’s, and the thorn in the flesh of the heir, Hindley. Both boys, indeed, loathe each other with a passion partly born of ‘sibling rivalry’, even though they are not blood relatives (at least such is not openly stated even if critics have inferred more than an act of philanthropy in Mr. Earnshaw’s rescuing the boy and his wife’s attendant animosity). When Earnshaw dies, Hindley wastes no time in correcting the usurpation from which he believes he h as suffered by consigning Heathcliff to the level of a servant. Meanwhile, Cathy and Heathcliff have formed a bond which nothing will ever break, even Cathy’s marriage to the wealthy Edgar Linton. The tale is told by means of an extremely complex narrative structure, wherein part is related by the ‘outsider’, Lockwood, a tenant at the former home of the Linton’s, now owned by Heathcliff, and the intimate history of the family is told by the faithful servant, Nelly Dean. This technique, involving many time-shifts, allows the author to achieve the personal imperative of an ‘insider’, Nelly, with the abstract curiosity, perhaps similar to that of the reader, supplied by Lockwood, the ‘intruder’. Though effective, Emily’s inexperience as a writer is shown in the often ragged structure of the novel which frequently obscures rather than illuminates the series of challenges which the novel sets up. Given Emily’s background as the daughter of a parson, it is perhaps surprising that one of the greatest challenges that the novel establishes is the provocative rendering of religious sensibility. A scene which demonstrates this clearly is when Cathy reveals her ‘dream’ to Nelly, prior to declaring the nature of her feelings for Heathcliff, wherein she states her ideas about the after life: ‘[†¦] heaven did not seem to be my home, and I broke my heart with weeping to come back to earth; and the angels were so angry that they flung me out into the middle of the heath on the top of Wuthering Heights, where I woke sobbing for joy.’ The idea that the girl’s literal ‘spiritual home’ is not Heaven but the moors is, it appears, very close to how Emily felt herself when away from them on earth and her wilfulness in literally willing herself to death, as Cathy does, also invites the supposition that they were in fact very similar. Moreover, after Cathy declares ‘I am Heathcliff’, the reader realises that this is not a mere love story but two halves of one soul, the parting of which, as Cathy herself declares,   ‘impracticable’. Cathy does marry Linton, however, after Heathcliff has run away believing that she does not love him having heard her say merely that ‘it would degrade her to marry him’   and returns after an unexplained absence, having prospered sufficiently to accomplish the ruin of Hindley and the purchase of ‘Wuthering Heights’. Indeed, he comes to own all the property, via various schemes, and even marries Edgar’s sister, Isabella, from overwhelming spite. The one thing he can never control, however, is his love for Cathy and when she dies, he pines for her for the rest of his life, until they are united as ghosts. As Lockwood observes, ‘Together they would brave Satan and all his legions’. Oddly, the intruder Lockwood has come to see the appropriateness of this as the reader does and this forms one of the novels many ‘closures’ which are perceptible by its end, even to the obtuse. Though most adaptations of the novel centre upon the relationship between Cathy and Heathcliff, in fact over half of the novel is concerned with the repetition of familial tensions via their children: Catherine, the daughter of the elder Cathy and Edgar, the orphaned son of Hindley whom despite his abuse of him forms a strong attachment to Heathcliff and eventually the younger Catherine, and Linton, the sickly, peevish son of Heathcliff and Isabella, whom Heathcliff contrives to marry to Catherine simply to gain her property. Through this complex repetition, Emily works out the frustrations and hatreds across generations to achieve a kind of fulfilment and completion by the novel’s conclusion. The fact that Charlotte completely failed to understand Emily’s genius, or perhaps was merely envious of it, is perhaps indicative of the disparity between their gifts. The enduring romance of Wuthering Heights, which continues to appeal across the generations, is the antithesis o f control and therefore the ultimate realisation of Emily’s poetic and timeless soul. Bibliography: Bald, M.A., Women-Writers of the Nineteenth Century, (Russell Russell, New York, 1963). Bloom, H, ed., Emily Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Wuthering Heights, (Chelsea House Publishers, New York, 1987). Brontà «, E.., Wuthering Heights, Agnes Grey and Poems, (Thomas Nelson Sons, London, 1907). Davis, P., The Victorians, (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2002). Hinkley, L., Charlotte and Emily, (Hastings House, New York, 1945). King, J., Tragedy in the Victorian Novel, (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1978). Lamonica, D, We Are Three Sisters: Self and Family in the Writing of the Brontà «s, (University of Missouri Press, Columbia, MO, 2003). Thormahlen, M, The Brontà «s and Religion, (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999). Genetically Inherited Diseases: Gaucher’s Disease Genetically Inherited Diseases: Gaucher’s Disease Nikita Mountford 1. What is a genetically inherited disease? Genetic disorders are typically inherited (passed down) in either a dominant or recessive way. We each have two copies of every gene on our 22 numbered chromosomes. When a disorder is dominant, the disease can occur when there are DNA mistakes in only one of the two gene copies. This means that if a parent has the DNA change, there is a 50-50 chance that it will be passed on to each child. When a disorder is recessive, there must be mistakes in both copies of the gene for the disorder to occur. This means that both parents must carry at least one copy of the specific gene change in order to produce a diseased child. 2. Example of genetically inherited disease? Gaucher’s disease is an example of a genetically inherited disease. ‘Gaucher disease occurs in 1 in 50,000 to 100,000 people in the broad population’ (ii) and occurs more commonly in people of Ashkenazi Jewish heritage than anyone else. ‘This disease affects 1 in 500 to 1,000 people of Ashkenazi Jewish heritage’ (ii) the reason it affects people of Ashkenazi Jewish heritage is because of ‘founder effect is where a gene mutation is observed in high frequency in a specific population due to the presence of that gene mutation in a single ancestor or small number of ancestors. When the group of ancestors mates primarily within their own ancestral group over many generations, the frequency of the gene mutation remains high’ (iii). Gaucher’s disease may appear any time from childhood to adulthood. 3.1 How is it inherited? Mutations in GBA gene cause the disease with each pregnancy; each carrier has a 50% chance of passing on the defective gene. If both parents are carriers, there is a 25% chance their child will inherit two defective copies and will develop Type 1 Gaucher’s Disease. ‘A carrier is a person who has a change in one copy of a gene. The carrier does not have the genetic disease related to the abnormal gene. A carrier can pass this abnormal gene to a child.’(i) (http://www.childrensgaucher.org/about-ga) 3.2 Genotype and phenotype A genotype is the genetic make-up of an individual organism. Gaucher’s Disease is located on chromosome 1, that prevents the production of an enzyme, glucocerebrosidase. â€Å"Cytogenetic Location: 1q21 (the long (q) arm of chromosome 1, position 21) base pairs 153,470,866 to 153,481,111.† http://wiki.ggc.edu/wiki/Gaucher_Disease https://www.google.co.za/search?q=people 1 3.3. Who is at risk? ‘Gaucher disease occurs in 1 in 50,000 to 100,000 people in the broad population’ (ii) and occurs more commonly in people of Ashkenazi Jewish heritage than anyone else. ‘This disease affects 1 in 500 to 1,000 people of Ashkenazi Jewish heritage’ (ii) the reason it affects people of Ashkenazi Jewish heritage is because of ‘founder effect is where a gene mutation is observed in high frequency in a specific population due to the presence of that gene mutation in a single ancestor or small number of ancestors. When the group of ancestors mates primarily within their own ancestral group over many generations, the frequency of the gene mutation remains high’ (iii). Gaucher’s disease may appear any time from childhood to adulthood. People who are at higher risk Gaucher’s disease are people from Ashkenazi Jewish Descent and there is more chance of it occurring in mothers conceiving over the age of 40. 4. A. Description of disease Gaucher’s disease is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder, which means the disorder happens on a non-sex chromosome, affecting the metabolism, when a type of lipid called glucocerebroside is not properly broken down. The body does not produce the enzyme called glucocerebrosidase that breaks down and recycle glucocerebroside. This leads to the lipid to build up in the liver, spleen, bone marrow and nervous system. http://www.childrensgaucher.org/about-ga 1 4. B Types of the disease 4.1 Type 1 Type 1 is the most common and progressive, genetic disorder that generally has symptoms relating to their bones. There are also a lowered number of red blood cells and an enlarged liver and spleen. It is different to the other two types as it usually does not affect the brain or spinal cord. 4.2 Type 2 and 3 Both are known as neuropathic forms because they are characterized by problems that affect the nervous system. Type two is usually life threatening 5. Treatment in past In the past there has been no way to treat the disease but rather treat the symptoms such as blood transfusions, surgery for bones and joints and removing the spleen. 6. A.1 Enzyme replacement therapy. This approach replaces the deficient enzyme with artificial enzymes. These replacement enzymes are administered in an outpatient procedure through a vein typically in high doses at two-week intervals. Treatment is very effective in people with type 1 Gauchers disease and. enzyme replacement therapy can help reduce the enlargement of the liver and spleen, help to resolve blood abnormalities and improve bone density. Often people experience an allergic or hypersensitivity reaction to enzyme treatment. ’ERT has a remarkable effect on hepatosplenomegaly, with an average overall decrease of 25% in liver and spleen volume after 6 months of therapy. In most patients with anemia, haemoglobin levels rise by 1.5 g/dL during the first 4-6 months of therapy. An additional increase of 1 g/dL is observed in the subsequent 9-18 months in patients with persistent anemia. The platelet count responds more slowly, doubling on average over 1 year’. (iv) 6. A.2 Bone marrow transplantation. This is a surgical procedure that has been used for severe cases of Gauchers disease. In this method, blood-forming cells that have been damaged by Gauchers are removed and replaced, which can reverse many of Gauchers signs and symptoms. It is a high-risk operation. 6. A3 Medication. There is oral medication called miglustat (Zavesca) Disadvantages are diarrhoea and weight loss as common side effects. 6. A.4 Substrate reduction therapy SRT lessen the amount of making and build-up of waste material, inside cells. This means that even though patients are deficient in an enzyme that breaks down waste, with SRT, the enzyme they do have is better able to stop waste from collecting inside cells. SRT is used for Type 1 Gaucher patients for whom Enzyme Replacement Therapy is not an option. 6.2 karyotyping and gene mapping Karyotyping is a test to examine chromosomes, which can help recognize genetic problems as the cause of a disease. This test can count the number of chromosomes and look for structural changes in chromosomes. This is done by isolating and staining chromosomes then examined. Gene maps are used to help scientists find genes, usually those involved in human diseases. Scientists study many families affected by a disease, and then tracing the inheritance of the disease and of specific genome landmarks through several generations. Landmarks that tend to be inherited along with the disease are likely to be located close to the disease gene and become markers for the gene in question. Once they have identified a few such markers, scientists know the approximate location of the disease gene. Next, they look for genes in that part of the genome and study the genes one by one to learn which one is involved in the disease. They might look for a gene that has a different sequence in people with the disease than it does in healthy people. Or they might look for a gene with a function that could be related to the disease. 7. Ethics of genome mapping The Human Genome Project holds is attempting to compile physical and genetic maps of the human genome. A genome is the entire DNA in an organism. It may help a lot of people understand where they came from and find out which gene is causing problems. This is done by isolating and staining chromosomes then examined. But it may lead to parents attempting to determine which character children will inherit. It may also possibly lead to a large number of abortions Parents will be informed as to whether their son or daughter will have any serious genetic disorder, and as a result, the parents may opt to abort the foetus. It may restrict the human gene pool and interface with natural selection and loss of diversity among the human population. Also health or life insurance policies may be deemed to an individual on the basis of his genetic information and charge higher rates because they are prone to cancer or another disease. Businesses could discriminate against certain people based on their genes which could damage a person’s physiological health. A person might find out about their genetic make-up and find out they are prone to a disease which in turn makes them give up on life. Although there are negatives, I do think genome mapping is going to benefit society 8. Genetic make-up in the future my personal view I feel that one day we will be able to overcome our genetic make-up completely. While this may benefit people with genetic diseases it may be used in a negative way such as someone trying to create a perfect race. There are rapid advancements of science and technology people with problem genes such as Gaucher’s disease and cystic fibrous can soon be able to have normal genes. There is plenty research being done for future cures such as the Infectious Disease Research Institute. By replacing enzymes and recombinant DNA, which will be explained further on, this is the first step in being able to conquer our genetic make-up. Genes code for proteins, and proteins are made up of enzymes. When a gene is mutated and doesn’t produce the gene product this can mean an enzyme is missing or not working correctly. One way to treat people with genetic diseases where the gene doesn’t produce the enzyme needed is enzyme replacement therapy. Enzyme replacements must be taken for the rest of a patient’s life. Occasionally people experience an allergic or hypersensitivity reaction to enzyme treatment which is a disadvantage. Another process which could help with changing our genetic make-up is recombinant DNA technology which revolves around the activity of DNA in the making of protein. By doing this scientists can change the nature of the DNA and of the gene make-up of an organism. Other methods being researched for genetic diseases cures such as gene therapy which is an experimental stage which uses genes to treat or prevent diseases. Researchers are testing many different approaches to gene therapy such as replacing a mutated gene with a healthy version of the gene and introducing a new gene into the body to help fight the disease. Gene therapy is only being tested on diseases that that have no other cures such as cystic fibrous and Gaucher’s disease. RNA interface (RNAi) is also in an experimental stage. What happens is that is now possible to selectively silence the activity of a single gene. The combination of stem cell technology and gene therapy is also in experimental phase. What happens is scientists take skin cells from a person with a disease such as a metabolic liver disease, fix the mutation by erasing the incorrect DNA letter and inserting the correct one. Then turn the skin cells into liver cells by stem cell therapy. All of this research happening makes me hopeful that soon we will be able to help those with diseases. 9 Evaluation The reason I chose Gaucher’s disease was because I was planning to do Charcot-Marie tooth disease and there were too many sub groups and on the web page there was a link to Gaucher’s disease. I chose it mainly because I was interested on how it affects the body and in school we have learned about the lymphatic system so I could understand. I could have been possibly influenced to think that the cure for the diseases will be out soon by the information I have found out about the research being done currently. I didn’t know actually how much is being done and this could have persuaded me to think me to more positively. In conclusion I do believe we will be able to conquer our genetic make-up soon. Technology and science are rapidly becoming more and more advanced. We can already make enzymes work better and researching how to silence a gene that was causing damage. There is hope for people with defective genes as there is treatments and medications to help relieve pain and soon to eliminate all defective genes. 10. References http://www.genomenewsnetwork.org/resources/whats_a_genome/Chp3_1.shtml#chp3#4 http://gaucherwest.com/gaucher/gaucher-disease.html http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/science-scope/stem-cell-breakthrough-could-bring-cure-for-genetic-diseases/ http://www.cliffsnotes.com/sciences/biology/microbiology/dna-and-gene-expression/recombinant-dna-and-biotechnology http://www.preservearticles.com/2012032027922/what-is-the-human-genome-project-and-what-are-its-advantage-and-disadvantages.html http://www.thestudentroom.co.uk/wiki/revision:human_genome_project#Disadvantages http://www.stanford.edu/class/e297c/trade_environment/health/hgenome.html http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/testing http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/gaucher-disease http://genome.cshlp.org/content/7/10/950.full http://www.genome.gov/25521505 http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/944157-treatment http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1682271 http://www.cerezyme.com/patients/gaucher_disease.aspx http://www.genome.gov/25521505#al-5 http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gauchers-disease/basics/treatment/con-20031396 http://geneticmap.net/ethics.php http://www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/iie/v9n2/outstrips.html http://www.ndsu.edu/pubweb/~mcclean/plsc431/students/otto.html http://jmg.bmj.com/content/42/6/e37.full http://www.gauchercare.com/en/patient/treatment.aspx http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003921.htm In references http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/genetics-carrier-identification http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/gaucher-disease http://genetics.emory.edu/clinical/?assetID=581 http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/944157-treatment Coffee Bean Tea Leaf: Marketing Mix Coffee Bean Tea Leaf: Marketing Mix The Coffee Bean Tea Leaf, a very popular organization around the world. It is started in 1963 and created by Herbert B. Hyman and Mona. Herbert B. Hyman is the founder of gourmet coffee in California. Today, Coffee Bean is one of the world largest privately-owned, family-run coffee and tea companies. The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf has by far expanded their branches over 750 locations in 22 countries. The aims of Coffee Bean to their product can describe by two word, excellence and quality. From very beginning, The Coffee Bean effected their customer thinking with the idea to the Coffee Bean is a high standard of their product and image. This makes them the endurance and popularity today. More over The Coffee Bean is successful company because they have discovered the formula for a successful coffee and tea company. About Coffee Bean The mission of The Coffee Bean is To create a spirit within our company that inspires our Team Members to provide our customers with a Total Quality Experience: Quality of Product, Service and Environment. The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf Companys slogan: Simply the Best. They believe in these basic facts can lead them through their daily lives at The Coffee Bean are being friendly with each other, respect each others value, opinion and individual diversity, ownership, teamwork and honesty. (Coffee Bean, 2011) Product Coffee Bean Donut Our company has produced a new product, which can perfectly match our main product. We have promoted donut as our secondary product. Coffee is usually been ordered during tea time or when someone is free or having a rest. Therefore it needs something to fulfill the customers relaxing needs while enjoying their favorite coffee. Coffee Bean Donut will be an ideal product specially made for this. When the customer is drinking coffee, they also can fill up their stomach or killing their free time by having donut as their dessert. Size of the donut we provide normally is in size of a man fist. More important, it is mix with many healthy ingredients which makes tastier and healthier than other normal donut. The ingredients for the donut have flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, salt, egg, canola oil, lemon juice, plain yogurt and vanilla extract. In order to make the customers been able to choose the flavor they want depend on their moods and needs, we provide more than 20 flavors suc h as Chococinno, Iceberg, Kiwi Blitz, Snowy, White Forest, Merry Cherry and others for the customers to choose to fulfill their demands. Target Audience Nowadays our living standard has become higher than before. Compared than quality that people used to consider it as priority, now everyone has more concern on the appearance of the product. Among the age group, teenager group is the best target which can be easily attracted by the appearance of the product. Thus donut used to be a product which mostly preferred by the teenagers because it is one of the foods which accompany most of us since we were still young. Mostly teenager like to hang up with friend or might meet with someone at outside, Coffee Bean is one of the best choices for those who came earlier. Coffee Bean have their shop at most of the shopping complex and it have also provide free Wi-Fi and with a nice environment. While waiting for their friends, they can have order the coffee and the donuts to enjoy the free time. Coffee has been known as one of the favorite drinks for the adults. Majority of the adults has taken coffee as their favorite, not to mention that there are some heavy consumers as well, especially the businessmen. Many businessmen drink coffee as it can help them in releasing tension or finding inspiration as most of them are working under stressful environment in their daily life. Donut can make them more enjoyable while enjoying their hi-tea hour or finding inspiration, thus giving them energy back to work with refreshed mind too. Donut is the best attachment to the coffee in order to make the businessmen having their best enjoyment. Family group is also one of the target customers for Coffee Bean donut. It is because coffee is preferred by most of the adult while donut is a favorite by most of the children. It would be a nice place for the families to have a wonderful gathering time with their family. While the parents are having their coffee, their children will order donuts that they like, and having variety of flavors for them to choose so that they would not get bored with the limited selections. The attractive patterns of the donuts and wonderful atmosphere in the shop will definitely make a good image to both the parents and their children and it makes them having their next family gathering here again. Marketing Communication Mix Tools Advertising In order to outstanding the knowledge of the new donuts feature, advertising plays an important role as one of the marketing communication mix tools to acknowledge all the consumers about this latest secondary product. With the advertising tool the Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf would be able to inform and persuade the entire related market about the launching of new unique donuts. These donuts with different flavors can be advertised with different product images to attract different levels of targeting consumers. The Product Advertising would be a good option to advertise the new donuts as this option promotes benefits of specific goods and services. Within Product Advertising the best method to advertise the donuts is the Pioneering option which defines as stimulating the primary demand for a new product that offers consumers in-depth information about the benefits of the product class. The company could hire different advertising agencies or even a suitable well-known celebrity as the spokesperson of the new donuts products and command the related advertising department in order to advertise the donuts information including planning, creating, producing the advertising, performing research, and selecting media. For advertising, there are six major types of media which include the newspaper, magazines, radio, and television, outdoor media and the internet and World Wide Web. The Coffee Bean Donuts are normally attracted by those younger generations. With this, we can decide what type of media we should use for the advertising. Based on the target customer, the television and the internet and World Wide Web are the best and effective media type use to advertising this new product. Sales Promotion: In communication mix tool, sales promotion are defined as activities that motivates consumers or member of the distribution channel to purchase a good or service immediately, either by lowering the price or by adding the value. The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf can promote the new features of donuts in several ways of sales promotion. Sales promotion can be done by launching a promotion like Buy 1 Free 1 featuring purchasing an ice-blended drink and a free choice flavor of donut will be offered, or even a 40%-50% enjoy of discount if a particular amount of donuts have been purchased. These are effective ways in fulfilling the missions of sales promotion by increasing trial purchases, consumer inventories, repeat purchases, and most importantly raising the awareness of consumers about the donuts product. Furthermore, providing free gifts to loyal customers and consumers who supported the new secondary donut products are important. This method can motivates them a lot in helping the company to pull customers by sharing their product experiences and knowledge to the others. Giving coupons and rebates away is a must as this type of sales promotion can not only attract more consumers to visit the companys retail stores and franchises, it also able to acknowledge them that they get to enjoy many offers and promotions if they purchase the donuts. Effectiveness of Marketing Mix Tools By using such effective marketing mix tools as their methods in promoting and increasing their sales, Coffee Bean Tea Leaf is hard to beat out by other marketers and stand at the top rank of the coffee manufacturer industry. Advertising Pioneering advertising method is one of the most effective methods in promoting a new product. By using this advertising method, the new products brief information and customers benefits gained from the product will implant into their mind and distribute the information to different groups in a shorter time and wider area. Besides, hiring celebrity as the new product promoter can also attract those who idolize them and convince them to buy the product. Nowadays the mass media make an imaginable influence to the public. By using this as a method to promote new product, for example, hiring a celebrity, will attract more audience to the new products because of the posters or the images of the celebrity on the product. And taking advantage on the audience madness phenomenon on the celebrity, it will definitely raise the awareness thus increase the sales of the product. Although these advertising method is in heavy usage during the new production promotion period and it involves expensive and sustained advertising expenses, but with the well-known company image and the qualified quality of the coffee drinks, Coffee Bean Tea Leaf is able to spend on those heavy advertising expenses and make it out with a greater interest and profit. Sale Promotion Sales promotion is another marketing tool used by Coffee Bean Tea Leaf in the new product introduction period. For example, one of the basic tactics used in the sales promotion is either giving a lower price or add up the value. With the lower price as promoting method, it can easily trigger customers curiosity and attracting the customers come and have a try on the new product. In one hand, using low price method, compared with the normal prices for the usual products in Coffee Bean Tea Leaf, it is not only affordable for most of the customers and the quantity of the products they purchase will increase as well. While in other hand, by adding up the values of the product, those customers with rational thinking or having a budget in their mind will come and purchase the products. By using these promoting methods, the promotion product information and news will be spread by the customers from one to another, and this bring Coffee Bean Tea Leaf more customers to purchase their produ cts and make them aware of the company brand and the products. Free gifts for the loyal customers will make them having concern on the products and company. Coupons and rebates give away method can make sure that the customers will come to make a purchase thus it can share with their friends and families. By making chain sales from one to another, customers concern will be rise and more customers coming to purchase the product lead to greater sales. Conclusion The type of communication tools that The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf use for the new product is the advertising and sales promotion. As a result it is much more effective than by using the other two ways of communication tools which is personal selling and public relation. As the company which their product is food and drinks, the better way for it to promote the new product is using the advertising and sales promotion because it is faster and easy for them. More prefer to choose the way to let customer go to the place to purchase the product than take out the product to outside and promote it to public. By advertising and sale promotion, the new product will fast spread to everyone and attract them to buy it.

Lysistrata Summary Essays -- essays research papers

Lysistrata has planned a meeting between all of the women of Greece to discuss the plan to end the Peloponnesian War. As Lysistrata waits for the women of Sparta, Thebes, and other areas to meet her she curses the weakness of women. Lysistrata plans to ask the women to refuse sex with their husbands until a treaty for peace has been signed. Lysistrata has also made plans with the older women of Athens (the Chorus of Old Women ) to seize the Akropolis later that day. The women from the various regions finally assemble and Lysistrata convinces them to swear an oath that they will withhold sex from their husbands until both sides sign a treaty of peace. As the women sacrifice a bottle of wine to the Gods in celebration of their oath, they hear the sounds of the older women taking the Akropolis, the fortress that houses the treasury of Athens. In Lysistrata there are two choruses?the Chorus of Old Men and the Chorus of Old Women. A Koryphaios leads both choruses. The Chorus of Men is first to appear on stage carrying wood and fire to the gates of the Akropolis. The Chorus of Men is an old and bedraggled bunch of men who have great difficulty with the wood and the great earthen pots of fire they carry. The men plan to smoke the women out of the Akropolis. The Chorus of Old Women also approaches the Akropolis, carrying jugs of water to put out the men's fires. The Chorus of Old Women is victorious in the contest between the choruses and triumphantly pours the jugs of water over th...

How to Survival Middle School Essay

Graduating elementary school is an exciting mile stone, but then comes middle school. Middle school is a very tough place for most people. Hormones start to kick in and work load gets amplified. Drama takes over the school and learning how to balance it all is a skill. With these new emotions its difficult to balance both friends, relationships, and school work. There are a lot of new challenges a student has to take on, but with a few key tips, middle school may be a bit easier to get through. 1. Always Smile- By smiling you are putting out a positive attitude. When one meets a person who is smiling they are more likely to be smiling to. A smile gives you a more approachable feel and can help you make friends easier. If you have a sad or stern face people won’t be as intrigued to come talk to you. 2. Pay Attention in Class- There is so much going on in a middle schoolers life at home and with friends its hard to stay focused. Making sure you listen in class is a big part of doing well in middle school. It is easy to get distracted but you need to remember the reason your at school is to learn. Everything going forward, build upon itself so if your mind is somewhere else you just be confused later on. 3. Prioritize- When entering middle school, friendships change. Play dates stop happening and â€Å"going out† starts. â€Å"Boyfriends† and â€Å"Girlfriends† begin to happen. With your mind focused on new relationships as well as home life, it is easy to stop focusing on school. Doing homework as well as projects before going to spend time with friends is important. Waiting till the last minute doesn’t work if you want a good grade. By getting your work done first, it is more likely to be done well and when your with your friends you won’t have the stress of having undone work. 4. Don’t Tell Unless Asked- People love to talk about themselves! Try your hardest to just listen. As much as you may not care, it will bring you and the person closer. DO NOT tell others what people confide in you, or all trust will be gone, along with any secrets at all. If someone asks you a question, be honest, but try not to talk about yourself. In middle school opinions change quickly and you don’t want to say something you will regret. 5. Don’t Talk Badly About Others- Day to day your thoughts, views, and opinions change on your life around you. By talking badly about someone you make your self look bad. Also if you talk about to many people, your friends will begin to think you talk about them too. Great way to loose friends. In middle school your friends with someone one day and not the next. Stupid arguments happen more often than not and if someone finds out what you said about them (they most likely will, because everyone in middle school has a big mouth) your relationship with them can take a turn for the worse. If you wouldn’t want them to say it about you, don’t say it about them. 7. Plan- Make plans with friends a few days in advance. You still have to come up with the place and time as well as who is going. You want to give your self enough time to ask you parents and get it approved. Nothing worse than having everything planned out, and them mom and dad saying no. 8. Ignore the Drama- In middle school word spreads fast. Monday you will be focused on something completely different than on Wednesday. People are catty and looking for attention, do your best to stay out of it. People will be mean, and if you give them a reaction, you encourage them to continue to do it. By ignoring what they say they quickly get bored, and move on to someone else. Realize that what ever they say has nothing to do with you, their just trying to raise their ego and self esteem by putting someone else down. Don’t let it get to you and go on as if they weren’t there.

Comedy Techniques in Dumb and Dumber essays

Comedy Techniques in Dumb and Dumber essays One of my favorite comedy films is Dumb and Dumber. The movie is about a limo driver and his best friend, driving across the country to return a briefcase to a woman who had left it behind at the airport. And while driving along, run into and cause many outrageous mishaps. Many theories are present in this movie. You see the disparagement or aggression theories along with the superiority theory. Dumb and Dumber is written very well. It has a lot comedy techniques involved that makes it so funny. At the begging of the movie, Lloyd (Jim Carrey) the limo driver witnesses that Mary (Lauren Holly), the woman he had just dropped off at the airport, had set her briefcase down and walked away without it. Watching the movie, we know that she had set the briefcase down on purpose. Two mob type people were preparing to pick up the drop off. Just before they get to it, Lloyd comes sliding in and snatches the briefcase up to return it to Mary. The superiority theory explains why we think this funny. We know that she had dropped the case off on purpose for someone else to pick it up. But Lloyd doesnt know that this is supposed to happen. Lloyd never catches up with Mary and vows to himself and his best friend Harry (Jeff Daniels) that he is going to return the case to her. They set off from Rhode Island to Aspen not knowing that they are being followed the entire time by the mob characters. We once again laugh at this duos mishaps and misfortunes. Everyone knows th! at Aspen is in Colorado. Another hilarious example of this theory is at a scene where Lloyd and Harry are pulled over for speeding. Lloyd had to pee very badly and couldnt hold it for the next stop. In desperation he fills up empty beer bottles with his urine. After they are pulled over the cop suspects them of drinking and questions them about the beer bottles on the car floor. He grabs one of the bottles and goes to ...

Gods Laws essays

Gods Laws essays The oldest profession in the world is not what would be commonly accepted in society. Before a woman had a chance to sell her body, people looked up at the stars and wondered what they were. They made figures out of the shapes they made. As we advanced through scientific research many other doors opened that allowed us to see what it was the earth is existing in. Our constant need to explain what is happening comes from our want to control. Knowledge is power, and nothing is more unexplained that the universe. Time is interlocked and must be understood if we want to accomplish a deep knowledge of the cosmos. Commonly it was thought that there was no such knowledge. The author Stephen Hawking had shown many otherwise. His books give a deep history and knowledge of how the universe exists. He also explains many others aspects of the cosmos and puts his works in an understandable writing style. He puts the largest accent on his studies of black holes. These are fascinating happening and the way to understanding the universe and several others can be found through the study of black holes. There are several features of black holes that makes them incredibly fascinating. The first one would be the common misconception of how noting can escape a black hole. This is true in most points. If nothing can escape them, how does one detect a black hole? Stephen Hawking discovered a fascinating aspect using anti-particle properties. He found that when matter is pulled into a black hole by gravity matter is constantly being pulled apart. This causes the anti-parties of matter to be throw away at incredible rates. This happens at consistent times. The large amount of gamma radiation let off by this is how Mr. Hawking now finds black holes. Another interesting concept of black holes is they are can be formed other ways than by the end of a stars life. Stephen Hawking and his associates found that any...

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 49

English - Essay Example 3:10 to Yuma is centered on cowboys and outlaws; Sleepy Hollow’s story is derived from ghosts, witches and black magic; whereas The Red Badge of Courage, is the depiction of a civil war zone. 3:10 to Yuma has several characters that honor and duty seem to have affinity with. Evan (Christian Bale), the impoverished rancher, exhibits both qualities on several occasions where as towards the end it is Wade (Russell Crowe), the outlaw, who seems to exude them the most. The story is from a time where both honor and duty were benchmarks on which men assessed their character. The movie also depicts the same thing. Throughout the movie Evan is trying to maintain his honor, whether it is trying to keep his livelihood i.e. his ranch, working or trying to get Wade captured and later helps in having him delivered for an arrest. Evan is trying to fulfill his duty to his family and more specifically his sons so that they have a father they can look up to. His actions depict a certain behavior that his sons can one day follow. His past as a soldier haunts him which is why he vows to himself to honor his word and that becomes the most important thing for him, it becomes his duty. Sleepy Hollow, is a completely different genre and falls somewhere in between a suspense thriller and a horror movie. The concepts of honor and duty are evident most in one character and one character alone, and that is Ichabod Crane. Though his job scares him, though he finds it horrifying at times, Ichabod never backs out and he never quits. His character at one point even faints out of fear during the movie but in a nutshell his resolve does not waiver. Throughout the investigation of the headless horsemen there are many instances where Ichabod is faced with situations he would rather not be in, his duty towards his investigation is more important to him however and he does not abandon it. His honor is in protecting the woman he loves and finishing the job he

The Recent Surge in Counterfeit Bills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Recent Surge in Counterfeit Bills - Essay Example Motivated by these facts, there have been concerns to come up with adequate and effective measures that help in combating counterfeiting activities in a bid to protect the economy, government, and consumers. Some of the ways identified in the following report that employed majorly the aspect of reassessing previous studies include use of international policing agencies, anti-counterfeiting associations, and applications of technology. Examples of technological applications used in fighting counterfeiting as identified in the following report include use of smart cards, biotechnology, chemical technologically developed inks, and use of optical technologies such as holograms. From the research, it is obvious that such actions and strategies have been fruitful in reducing the level of counterfeiting within American and other nations that have been adversely affected by the same criminal offences. In order to create an understanding of the aforementioned, the report has been divided into introduction, background information, purpose, scope, and methodology of the report. These sections have been very useful in providing a general overview of the topic as well as the method and scope use in carrying out the research. On the other hand, the problem and solution sections form the core basis of the study identifying impacts of counterfeiting and their possible solutions. ... No one can deny that the problem of counterfeiting is an extraordinarily well defined one. Other than causing serious negative impacts on the economy of a nation, counterfeits reduce consumer confidence in respect to the products and money that they handle (August & Hwang, 2009). According to the studies conducted by Alcock, Chen, Hui, and Hodson (2003), rise in counterfeits provides Americans with adequate reasons to come up with effective measures of dealing with the problem. One such measure is the introduction of the Prioritizing Resources and Organization for Intellectual Property Act (PRO IP Act), anti-counterfeiting agencies, and employment of technologies that help in combating the same (Haie-Fayle & Wolfgang, 2007; August & Hwang, 2009). In addition, there are other technological measures and practices capable of assisting America and other global nations in combating the counterfeit crimes. Motivated by these facts, the following formal report outlines the ways through whic h existing/inexpensive technologies and practices can be employed in an effort to reduce the loss in consumer confidence that counterfeiting oftentimes induces. Even though the presented formal report will not have the effect of slowing or stopping counterfeiting, if implemented, it will have the effect of weakening the previously mentioned negative effects that counterfeiting wreaks on local businesses, individuals, and consumer confidence. In a bid to attain this objective, the following report provides background, purposes, scope, methodology, problem, solution, conclusions, and recommendations based on previous or secondary sources. Background Rise in counterfeiting